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Nickel-carbonate nanowire array: An efficient and durable electrocatalyst for water oxidation under nearlyneutral conditions

Yuyao Ji, Min Ma, Xuqiang Ji, Xiaoli Xiong, Xuping Sun

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第3期   页码 467-472 doi: 10.1007/s11705-018-1717-8

摘要：

It is highly attractive but still remains a great challenge to develop an efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction under nearly neutral conditions. In this work, we report the transformation of Ni3S2 nanowire array on nickel foam into the amorphous nickel carbonate nanowire array on nickel foam (NiCO3/NF). The resulting NiCO3/NF shows high electrocatalytic activity towards water oxidation and affords current density of 50 mA·cm−2 at overpotential of 395 mV in 1.0 mol·L−1 KHCO3. Moreover, this NiCO3/NF is also durable with a long-term electrochemical durability of 60 h. This catalyst electrode achieves a high turnover frequency of 0.21 mol O2·s−1 at the overpotential of 500 mV.

关键词： water oxidation     NiCO3/NF     nearly neutral conditions     superior activity     electocatalyst    

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Progress in use of surfactant in nearly static conditions in natural gas hydrate formation

Zhen PAN, Yi WU, Liyan SHANG, Li ZHOU, Zhien ZHANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第3期   页码 463-481 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0675-2

摘要： Natural gas hydrate is an alternative energy source with a great potential for development. The addition of surfactants has been found to have practical implications on the acceleration of hydrate formation in the industrial sector. In this paper, the mechanisms of different surfactants that have been reported to promote hydrate formation are summarized. Besides, the factors influencing surfactant-promoted hydrate formation, including the type, concentration, and structure of the surfactant, are also described. Moreover, the effects of surfactants on the formation of hydrate in pure water, brine, porous media, and systems containing multiple surfactants are discussed. The synergistic or inhibitory effects of the combinations of these additives are also analyzed. Furthermore, the process of establishing kinetic and thermodynamic models to simulate the factors affecting the formation of hydrate in surfactant-containing solutions is illustrated and summarized.

关键词： gas hydrate     kinetic hydrate promoter     compounding     model     surfactant     mechanism    

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SOIL ORGANIC CARBON SEQUESTRATION MATTERS BUT IS NO PANACEA FOR CARBON-NEUTRAL AGRICULTURE

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第2期   页码 281-284 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022470

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Transition towards carbon-neutral electrical systems for China: Challenges and perspectives

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第3期   页码 504-508 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0220-6

关键词： carbon neutrality     power systems     electrification     renewable energy    

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Towards neutral steer and sideslip reduction for four-wheeled electric vehicles

Guisheng ZHAI, Masayuki NAKA, Tomoaki KOBAYASHI, Joe IMAE

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第7卷 第1期   页码 16-22 doi: 10.1007/s11465-012-0316-5

摘要：

This paper proposes an approach to achieving both neutral steer and sideslip reduction for four-wheeled electric vehicles. The control problem is reduced to constructing a servo system tracking appropriate reference input, where the tracking is realized in the framework of ?∞ control. To deal with time-varying vehicle velocity for practical purpose, a gain scheduling strategy is developed to obtain the controller, where the lower and upper bounds of the velocity are used to obtain a polytopic range for the parameters in the system coefficient matrices. A numerical example is given to show validity of the proposed approach.

关键词： four-wheeled electric vehicles     neutral steer     sideslip reduction     servo system     ?∞ control&sortBy=weightDesc"> ?∞ control')" href="#">?∞ control     gain scheduling     linear matrix inequality (LMI)    

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Smart systems engineering contributing to an intelligent carbon-neutral future: opportunities, challenges

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第6期   页码 1023-1029 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2142-6

摘要： This communication paper provides an overview of multi-scale smart systems engineering (SSE) approaches and their applications in crucial domains including materials discovery, intelligent manufacturing, and environmental management. A major focus of this interdisciplinary field is on the design, operation and management of multi-scale systems with enhanced economic and environmental performance. The emergence of big data analytics, internet of things, machine learning, and general artificial intelligence could revolutionize next-generation research, industry and society. A detailed discussion is provided herein on opportunities, challenges, and future directions of SSE in response to the pressing carbon-neutrality targets.

关键词： machine learning     modeling     material     industrial applications     environment    

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Electrolyzed water and its application in animal houses

Weichao ZHENG,Li NI,Baoming LI

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第3卷 第3期   页码 195-205 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016109

摘要： Electrolyzed water (EW) can be produced by electrolysis of a dilute salt solution. Slightly acidic electrolyzed water (SAEW, pH 5.0–6.5) and neutral electrolyzed water (NEW, pH 6.5–8.5) are considered healthy and environmentally friendly because no hazardous chemicals are added in its production, there is reduced corrosion of surfaces and it minimizes the potential for damage to animal and human health. Over the last decade, EW has become increasingly popular as an alternative disinfectant for decontamination in animal houses. However, there have been some issues related to EW that are not well known, including different mechanisms for generation of SAEW and NEW, and the antimicrobial mechanism of EW. This review covers the definitions of SAEW and NEW, different generation systems for SAEW and NEW, the antimicrobial mecha- nism of EW, and recent developments related to the application of SAEW and NEW in animal houses.

关键词： disinfection     poultry and livestock     slightly acidic electrolyzed water     neutral electrolyzed water    

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Achievements, challenges and global implications of China’s carbon neutral pledge

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第8期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1532-9

摘要： China has been committed to achieving carbon neutrality by 2060. China’s pledge of carbon neutrality will play an essential role in galvanising global climate action, which has been largely deferred by the Covid-19 pandemic. China’s carbon neutrality could reduce global warming by approximately 0.2–0.3 °C and save around 1.8 million people from premature death due to air pollution. Along with domestic benefits, China’s pledge of carbon neutrality is a “game-changer” for global climate action and can inspire other large carbon emitters to contribute actively to mitigate carbon emissions, particularly countries along the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) routes. In order to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060, it is necessary to decarbonise all sectors in China, including energy, industry, transportation, construction, and agriculture. However, this transition will be very challenging, because major technological breakthroughs and large-scale investments are required. Strong policies and implementation plans are essential, including sustainable demand, decarbonizing electricity, electrification, fuel switching, and negative emissions. In particular, if China can peak carbon emissions earlier, it can lower the costs of the carbon neutral transition and make it easier to do so over a longer time horizon. China’s pledge of carbon neutrality by 2060 and recent pledges at the 26th UN Climate Change Conference of the Parties (COP26) are significant contributions and critical steps for global climate action. However, countries worldwide need to achieve carbon neutrality to keep the global temperature from growing beyond the level that will cause catastrophic damages globally.

关键词： Carbon neutrality     Carbon peak     Renewable energy     Negative emission     Carbon capture     Utilisation and storage     Nature-based solution    

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Temporal evolution of charged and neutral nanoparticle concentrations during atmospheric new particle

E. Rohan Jayaratne, Buddhi Pushpawela, Lidia Morawska

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0862-x

摘要： Over 100 new particle formation events were studied. In 50 events, charged and neutral particles were not formed at the same time. In 42 of these events the charged particles formed before the neutral particles. Their subsequent growth rates were not determined by the particle charge. The result suggests that ion induced nucleation plays a role in particle formation. Time series of nanoparticle number concentration during new particle formation (NPF) events in the urban environment of Brisbane, Australia, showed that the formation of charged particles often occurred before that of neutral particles. We monitored 241 days during the calendar year 2012 over which NPF events were observed on 108 days. We studied the times at which the charged and neutral particle concentrations in the size range 1.8–3.2 nm reached their peak values and found that they were clearly different in 50 events with the peak neutral particle concentration lagging behind the charged particle concentration during 42 of these events with a mean time lag of 24±12 min. While the charged particles were more likely to form before the neutral particles, once formed, the growth rate of the particles did not depend on their charge. While ion-induced nucleation is not the dominant mechanism of NPF in the atmosphere, our observations suggest that the presence of ions in the atmosphere plays a role that cannot be ignored.

关键词： Charged particles     Cluster ions     Secondary particles     Environmental pollution    

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Changes of ecological conditions induced by rock tunneling in Laoshan Mountain area

LI Xiaozhao, ZHAO Xiaobao, WANG Zhongsheng

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第4期   页码 366-370 doi: 10.1007/s11709-008-0056-0

摘要： Through field investigation, this paper examined the changes of ecological conditions induced by tunnel construction in Laoshan Mountain area, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P. R. China. The effects of habitat fragmentation and edge effect are examined and discussed. It is found that the environmental factors and vegetation situation have been influenced by the tunneling activity, and the disturbed area is approaching the sampling patch centre. The changed ecological conditions are beneficial for the settlement and growth of some herb and shrub species, and are unfavorable for the existence and growth of saplings, especially for the predominant species (e.g., robur) in this area. If the time of habitat fragmentation is long enough and there is no supplement from external areas, some vegetation species in the engineering influencing area will deteriorate, or even diminish in the future. The results can be used as a reference for the long-term ecological study in this area.

关键词： supplement     fragmentation     reference     tunneling activity     vegetation situation    

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A road-map for energy-neutral wastewater treatment plants of the future based on compact technologies

Hallvard Ødegaard

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0835-0

摘要： In the paper concepts for wastewater treatment of the future are discussed by the use of a) one flow diagram based on established, compact, proven technologies (i.e. nitrification/denitrification for N-removal in the mainstream) and b) one flow diagram based on emerging, compact technologies (i.e. de-ammonification in the main stream).The latter (b) will give an energy-neutral wastewater treatment plant, while this cannot be guaranteed for the first one (a). The example flow diagrams show plant concepts that a) minimize energy consumption by using compact biological and physical/chemical processes combined in an optimal way, for instance by using moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) processes for biodegradation and high-rate particle separation processes, and de-ammonification processes for N-removal and b)maximize energy (biogas) production through digestion by using wastewater treatment processes that minimize biodegradation of the sludge (prior to digestion) and pretreatment of the sludge prior to digestion by thermal hydrolysis. The treatment plant of the future should produce a water quality (for instance bathing water quality) that is sufficient for reuse of some kind (toilet flushing, urban use, irrigation etc.). The paper outlines compact water reclamation processes based on ozonation in combination with coagulation as pretreatment before ceramic membrane filtration. In the paper concepts for domestic wastewater treatment plants of the future are discussed by the use of a) one flow diagram based on established, compact, proven technologies (i.e. nitrification/denitrification for N-removal in the mainstream) and b) one flow diagram based on emerging, compact technologies (i.e. de-ammonification in the main stream).The latter (b) will give an energy-neutral wastewater treatment plant, while this cannot be guaranteed for the first one (a). The example flow diagrams show plant concepts that a) minimize energy consumption by using compact biological and physical/chemical processes combined in an optimal way, for instance by using moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) processes for biodegradation and high-rate particle separation processes, and de-ammonification processes for N-removal and b)maximize energy (biogas) production through digestion by using wastewater treatment processes that minimize biodegradation of the sludge (prior to digestion) and pretreatment of the sludge prior to digestion by thermal hydrolysis. The treatment plant of the future should produce a water quality (for instance bathing water quality) that is sufficient for reuse of some kind (toilet flushing, urban use, irrigation etc.). The paper outlines compact water reclamation processes based on ozonation in combination with coagulation as pretreatment before ceramic membrane filtration.

关键词： China concept WWTP     Energy-neutrality     De-ammonification     moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR)    

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Wastewater treatment meets artificial photosynthesis: Solar to green fuel production, water remediation and carbon emission reduction

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1536-5

摘要：

• Mitigating energy utilization and carbon emission is urgent for wastewater treatment.

关键词： Wastewater treatment     Artificial photosynthesis     Microbial photoelectrochemical (MPEC) system     Carbon neutral     Renewable energy    

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Assessing artificial neural network performance for predicting interlayer conditions and layer modulus

Lingyun YOU, Kezhen YAN, Nengyuan LIU

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 487-500 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0609-4

摘要： The objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of the artificial neural network (ANN) approach for predicting interlayer conditions and layer modulus of a multi-layered flexible pavement structure. To achieve this goal, two ANN based back-calculation models were proposed to predict the interlayer conditions and layer modulus of the pavement structure. The corresponding database built with ANSYS based finite element method computations for four types of a structure subjected to falling weight deflectometer load. In addition, two proposed ANN models were verified by comparing the results of ANN models with the results of PADAL and double multiple regression models. The measured pavement deflection basin data was used for the verifications. The comparing results concluded that there are no significant differences between the results estimated by ANN and double multiple regression models. PADAL modeling results were not accurate due to the inability to reflect the real pavement structure because pavement structure was not completely continuous. The prediction and verification results concluded that the proposed back-calculation model developed with ANN could be used to accurately predict layer modulus and interlayer conditions. In addition, the back-calculation model avoided the back-calculation errors by considering the interlayer condition, which was barely considered by former models reported in the published studies.

关键词： asphalt pavement     interlayer conditions     finite element method     artificial neural network     back-calculation    

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Influence of initial curing conditions and exposure environments on chloride migration in concrete using

Wen XUE, Weiliang JIN, Hiroshi YOKOTA,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第3期   页码 348-353 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0077-3

摘要： To investigate the influence of initial curing conditions and exposure environments on chloride ions’ migration in concrete, the specimens that were cured in different conditions and placed in several marine environments were studied. The amount of chloride ions passing through the specimen’s section was monitored in the accelerated chloride migration test. The effective chloride diffusion coefficients () were calculated from the steady-state on the basis of Nernst-Planck’s equation. The results indicated that the initial curing conditions and the wet-dry interval of external environments have coupling influence on effective diffusion coefficient of chloride ion significantly. reflected the density and pore connectivity of concrete. The co-effects of the initial curing condition and following exposure environment should be taken into account in durability design for concrete structure located in marine environment.

关键词： durability     effective diffusion coefficient     steady-state     migration test    

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Boundary conditions for axisymmetric piezoelectric cylinder

Baosheng ZHAO, Di WU, Xi CHEN

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2013年 第8卷 第4期   页码 401-408 doi: 10.1007/s11465-013-0272-8

摘要：

For axisymmetric piezoelectric cylinder, the reciprocal theorem and the axisymmetric general solution of piezoelasticity are applied in a novel way to obtain the appropriate stress and mixed boundary conditions accurate to all orders for the cylinder of general edge geometry and loadings. A decay analysis technique developed by Gregory and Wan is converted into necessary conditions on the end-data of axisymmetric piezoelectric circular cylinder, and the rapidly decaying solution is established. The prescribed end-data of the circle cylinder must satisfy these conditions in order that they could generate a decaying state within the cylinder. When stress and mixed conditions are imposed on the end of cylinder, these decaying state conditions for the case of axisymmetric deformation of piezoelectric cylinder are derived explicitly. They are then used for the correct formulation of boundary conditions for the theory solution (or the interior solution) of axisymmetric piezoelectric cylinder. The results of the present paper enable us to establish a set of correct boundary conditions, most of which are obtained for the first time.

关键词： solid and structures     the axisymmetric deformation     the piezoelectric circular cylinder     the refined theory     Bessel’s Function    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Nickel-carbonate nanowire array: An efficient and durable electrocatalyst for water oxidation under nearlyneutral conditions

Yuyao Ji, Min Ma, Xuqiang Ji, Xiaoli Xiong, Xuping Sun

期刊论文

Progress in use of surfactant in nearly static conditions in natural gas hydrate formation

Zhen PAN, Yi WU, Liyan SHANG, Li ZHOU, Zhien ZHANG

期刊论文

SOIL ORGANIC CARBON SEQUESTRATION MATTERS BUT IS NO PANACEA FOR CARBON-NEUTRAL AGRICULTURE

期刊论文

Transition towards carbon-neutral electrical systems for China: Challenges and perspectives

期刊论文

Towards neutral steer and sideslip reduction for four-wheeled electric vehicles

Guisheng ZHAI, Masayuki NAKA, Tomoaki KOBAYASHI, Joe IMAE

期刊论文

Smart systems engineering contributing to an intelligent carbon-neutral future: opportunities, challenges

期刊论文

Electrolyzed water and its application in animal houses

Weichao ZHENG,Li NI,Baoming LI

期刊论文

Achievements, challenges and global implications of China’s carbon neutral pledge

期刊论文

Temporal evolution of charged and neutral nanoparticle concentrations during atmospheric new particle

E. Rohan Jayaratne, Buddhi Pushpawela, Lidia Morawska

期刊论文

Changes of ecological conditions induced by rock tunneling in Laoshan Mountain area

LI Xiaozhao, ZHAO Xiaobao, WANG Zhongsheng

期刊论文

A road-map for energy-neutral wastewater treatment plants of the future based on compact technologies

Hallvard Ødegaard

期刊论文

Wastewater treatment meets artificial photosynthesis: Solar to green fuel production, water remediation and carbon emission reduction

期刊论文

Assessing artificial neural network performance for predicting interlayer conditions and layer modulus

Lingyun YOU, Kezhen YAN, Nengyuan LIU

期刊论文

Influence of initial curing conditions and exposure environments on chloride migration in concrete using

Wen XUE, Weiliang JIN, Hiroshi YOKOTA,

期刊论文

Boundary conditions for axisymmetric piezoelectric cylinder

Baosheng ZHAO, Di WU, Xi CHEN

期刊论文